
Overall, I give the edge to the Super Hornet over the Rafale.
BVR: both have reduced radar cross sections but aren’t stealthy. They both have AESAs. Rafale probably has better kinematic performance as they move to engage each other. The Rafale can fire the Meteor, but it only has a 1-way data link whereas the Super Hornet has a 2 way data link with its AMRAAM...that makes a difference in missile performance. That’s especially important when you consider the Super Hornet’s trump card.....the Growler. While the Rafale’s SPECTRA is a neat piece of kit it can’t beat a dedicated electronic warfare aircraft.
WVR: this is mostly going to come down to tactics and skill of the pilots. The Rafale will have the edge in certain regimes, while the Super Hornet has the edge in others. Also, when you consider the proliferation of HOBS missiles and helmet mounted cueing systems, there would probably be a lot of mutual kills. This is probably the area where the Rafale compares most favorably.
Air interdiction: the Super Hornet wins this because of the better available armaments and accessories (targeting pods etc.). As mentioned by others, the Rafale has to use mostly French weapons which are more expensive and not as good overall as their American and international counterparts. Furthermore as weapons are developed for the F-35, F-16 and F-15E/K/SA, these will surely be qualified on the Super Hornet. One big knock on the Super Hornet is its short legs but this has been partially solved with buddy tanking.
Maintenance/spares/ logistics etc.: the Super Hornet has a much larger supply chain to draw from at the moment. Variations of its engine are used for other aircraft. There are more Super Hornets built (~500 vs 160), which means there will be more spares available. Furthermore, way more weapons are going to be compatible with the Super Hornet just because of the much larger US military-industrial base vis-a-vis France. The Super Hornet can benefit from various developments designed for the F-16, F-15 F-35 etc. whereas the Rafale is mostly on its own.
The Typhoon is a great air to air platform but it’s A2G capabilities just aren’t up to par with the above 2 jets so that’s why it’s not really in contention for best 4+ gen.