
In a BVR combat with AIM-120's down to the merge, definitely the F-15C. Stable missile platform, BIG radar, and effective long range missile.
Past the merge in a clean-wing gun-only turning dogfight (maybe out to where you would want to use an AIM-9) definitely the F-16. The F-16 was originally designed to get up fast, mix it up, shoot down a lot of MIG-21's, land, refuel and do it again.
Amazingly enough (!) if both jets are used in the regime they are designed for, then they both are superior performers in that area.
Just my opinion as an old F-15 crew chief.
JMC