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Navy admiral hints at jettisoning F-35 fighter



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sewerrat
PostPosted: Jul 14, 2012 - 11:52 AM Reply with quote Back to top
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madrat wrote:
The F-35 was designed from the ground up with one engine, yes. But that doesn't mean it's locked into a single-engine propulsion system or flight control system. If you used a pod of matched engines then you could use techniques to streamline maintenance procedures. You really are more concerned with airframe downtime than the downtime for the pair of engines. The next concern is whether the said cost of this strategy outweighs the benefit. Over glacial water you might prefer the higher operating expense.


Look, its one thing to develope a single engined fighter out of the twin engined F-5 (presto! F-20 Tigershark!) But to turn the -35 into a twin..... Modular construction aside, it'll be easier and cheaper just to develope an entirely new platform. Fusealage will be different, wings will be different, intakes will be different, weapons bays will be different... All you'll have as comman will be the cocpit section.

This has to be misinformation, plain and simple. There's not going to be ANY cost benefit to this versus an all new fighter.

If they want a twin LO aircraft, making a carrier suitable F-22 variant would make far, far more sense. Doesn't even need to be a swing wing "NATF" like was proposed in 88 or 89....
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FlightDreamz
PostPosted: Jul 14, 2012 - 05:26 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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I'm fairly certain the Navy would like to see a twin engine design in the F/A-XX (if it ever reaches fruition). But sewerrat (among others) brings up some valid points about the unfeasibility of modifying a F-35 to that standard. Maybe the F/A-XX could turn out to have a fuselage plug to the F-35 leading to a "stretched" version with room for more fuel and bigger weapons bays? Although compared to the F-22, the existing F-35 Lightning II's weapons bays seems plenty roomy!
Would love to see a strike optimized variant of the YF-23 Black Widow II design (how well that would work off a carrier is open to debate - but I'm confident Northrop-Grumman could make that work)! Talk about roomy weapons bays on that design! But in this financial climate I don't foresee many (if ANY) new build designs making it to production.

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Last edited by FlightDreamz on Jul 14, 2012 - 09:41 PM; edited 1 time in total
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PostPosted: Jul 14, 2012 - 09:07 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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river_otter wrote:
southernphantom wrote:
count_to_10 wrote:
How exactly would you put two engines on the F-35 without re-designing it from the ground up?
Wouldn't you be better off just increasing the size of the single engine?


Two words: Reliability, Survivability.


Only one word: Supercruise. The laws of physics don't change. A larger diameter turbine can't supercruise as well as two smaller diameter turbines with equivalent airflow. The single, larger diameter engine will, all else being equal, have more thrust and lower specific fuel consumption. But it will Mach stall sooner.

However, two engines means twice as many moving parts, and twice as many opportunities for mistakes and failures. Plus twice the maintenance and more fuel costs. And it offers less than twice the chance of saving the plane or pilot. Many things that can take out one engine, can take out two. Many a failing engine manages to, itself, take out the second engine. And many things that can take out an engine can take out other critical parts of the plane, or even outright kill the pilot anyway. Closely spaced engines have little more damage tolerance than one engine. Widely spaced engines have a less than benign one-engine failure mode. Two engines, basically, is a very costly way to provide far less than two times the reliability of one engine. For the same lifecycle cost, you could realistically design, manufacture, and maintain one engine with about the same safety factor as two lesser engines. It'll give you better range, and lower fuel costs too. It just won't supercruise as well.

Now, if pulse detonation engines become viable, you can have one supercruise engine with few moving parts, and multiple redundant thrust elements. An F-35 with a pulse detonation engine the size of the F-135 would be an amazing F/A-XX.

That doesn't sound right. Isn't it the bypass ratio that determines the effective top speed, not the radius?
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quicksilver
PostPosted: Jul 14, 2012 - 09:51 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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count_to_10 wrote:
river_otter wrote:
southernphantom wrote:
count_to_10 wrote:
How exactly would you put two engines on the F-35 without re-designing it from the ground up?
Wouldn't you be better off just increasing the size of the single engine?


Two words: Reliability, Survivability.


Only one word: Supercruise. The laws of physics don't change. A larger diameter turbine can't supercruise as well as two smaller diameter turbines with equivalent airflow. The single, larger diameter engine will, all else being equal, have more thrust and lower specific fuel consumption. But it will Mach stall sooner.

However, two engines means twice as many moving parts, and twice as many opportunities for mistakes and failures. Plus twice the maintenance and more fuel costs. And it offers less than twice the chance of saving the plane or pilot. Many things that can take out one engine, can take out two. Many a failing engine manages to, itself, take out the second engine. And many things that can take out an engine can take out other critical parts of the plane, or even outright kill the pilot anyway. Closely spaced engines have little more damage tolerance than one engine. Widely spaced engines have a less than benign one-engine failure mode. Two engines, basically, is a very costly way to provide far less than two times the reliability of one engine. For the same lifecycle cost, you could realistically design, manufacture, and maintain one engine with about the same safety factor as two lesser engines. It'll give you better range, and lower fuel costs too. It just won't supercruise as well.

Now, if pulse detonation engines become viable, you can have one supercruise engine with few moving parts, and multiple redundant thrust elements. An F-35 with a pulse detonation engine the size of the F-135 would be an amazing F/A-XX.

That doesn't sound right. Isn't it the bypass ratio that determines the effective top speed, not the radius?


Would expect there's an interrelationship since you get more bypass ratio with an increase in fan diameter (assuming you haven't changed the core). But as RO noted, it's about the corrected fan speed limit due to mach shock-induced stall on the blades. For a given fan rpm, outer blade panels are traveling faster as you increase diameter.

Where's TEG?
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count_to_10
PostPosted: Jul 14, 2012 - 10:17 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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I'm assuming you make the core bigger -- which I understand is much more involved than changing the fan diameter. My understanding is that two engines that add up to the same thrust (with the same exit velocity) as a larger single engine will be heavier and less efficient than that single engine.
I haven't seen TEG post in the last few days. Where did he go?

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bigjku
PostPosted: Jul 15, 2012 - 01:10 AM Reply with quote Back to top
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sewerrat wrote:
madrat wrote:
The F-35 was designed from the ground up with one engine, yes. But that doesn't mean it's locked into a single-engine propulsion system or flight control system. If you used a pod of matched engines then you could use techniques to streamline maintenance procedures. You really are more concerned with airframe downtime than the downtime for the pair of engines. The next concern is whether the said cost of this strategy outweighs the benefit. Over glacial water you might prefer the higher operating expense.


Look, its one thing to develope a single engined fighter out of the twin engined F-5 (presto! F-20 Tigershark!) But to turn the -35 into a twin..... Modular construction aside, it'll be easier and cheaper just to develope an entirely new platform. Fusealage will be different, wings will be different, intakes will be different, weapons bays will be different... All you'll have as comman will be the cocpit section.

This has to be misinformation, plain and simple. There's not going to be ANY cost benefit to this versus an all new fighter.

If they want a twin LO aircraft, making a carrier suitable F-22 variant would make far, far more sense. Doesn't even need to be a swing wing "NATF" like was proposed in 88 or 89....


To clarify what I was saying when I first brought that up. I am not advocating F/A-XX be an F-35 with a second engine shoved in it. What I am saying is I would reuse everything I can from the F-35. I would basically port over the engines, weapons bay, cockpit and avionics and put a new wrapper around it. My main concern with F/A-XX would be keeping cost down as much as possible and not overreaching. There would still be development cost there but they would be concentrated in airframe shaping and new flight control software.
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PostPosted: Jul 15, 2012 - 02:00 AM Reply with quote Back to top
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Quote:

To clarify what I was saying when I first brought that up. I am not advocating F/A-XX be an F-35 with a second engine shoved in it. What I am saying is I would reuse everything I can from the F-35. I would basically port over the engines, weapons bay, cockpit and avionics and put a new wrapper around it. My main concern with F/A-XX would be keeping cost down as much as possible and not overreaching. There would still be development cost there but they would be concentrated in airframe shaping and new flight control software.


I doubt they would want the same engine -- likely they would want engines with a lower bypass ratio like one used by the F-22, just the size of the F135. To get higher speed, the inlet would have to be changed, and the body probably reshaped for better area ruling. The bays could also be slimmed down if there is no need to carry large radius weapons.

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archeman
PostPosted: Jul 15, 2012 - 08:45 AM Reply with quote Back to top
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madrat wrote:
A stretched body using the F-35C wings should do wonders. Too bad they cannot use pods for a pair of engines to make removal relatively lightning fast. Treat the design like a NASCAR racer, pitstop time to minimum and maximum time spent out on the track. ...


I think somebody has been eating the blue pellets out by the flight line again?
Those are supposed to curb the gofers from digging under the tarmac, not for eating madrat, they will make you think crazy things Smile

Exactly how many engine changes were we thinking were needed to have to put the engines in pods? It's not like they need to be changed that often.
If we want to take this concept to an extreme, we can role up engines in a drum and feed them 'gatling gun style' into the engine bay mid flight. Just keep ejecting them out the back as we burn them up!!!!
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PostPosted: Jul 15, 2012 - 08:49 AM Reply with quote Back to top
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TEG is gonna p!ss himself laughing if he reads this thread.

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PostPosted: Jul 15, 2012 - 03:00 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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1st503rdsgt wrote:
TEG is gonna p!ss himself laughing if he reads this thread.

It must be like watching the rest of us stumble around in the dark. Laughing
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madrat
PostPosted: Jul 15, 2012 - 08:26 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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If you have one engine or more operating at the same thrust:weight ratio and sfc it boils down to complexity way more so than weight. Complexity adds to cost. If you need 50% of your capacity to stay airborne and have two engines you have a good chance to stay airborne. With one engine that is not an option. Having one engine at 100% during an emergency is better than one at none (%). More engines gives more safety margin BUT also increases the odds of failure. The engines all might be rated for the same service hours, but using them burns through those hours for each engine running. Fewer engines running means fewer points of failure. The advantages of multiple engines is that you leave room to recover after failure.
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muir
PostPosted: Jul 15, 2012 - 09:17 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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With the risk of going way off-topic. Isn't the F/A-18 a two-engined derivative of the YF-17 of some sort? Perhaps an affordable NGAD is a two-engined aircraft that utilizes all the F-35 sensors already developed and for which there is an existing upgrade plan that could be applied to this fighter too? I know naught about coding but perhaps the two craft could even share large parts of of the source code. Particularly those pertaining weapon systems and sensor fusion. The cockpits could be pretty much identical and so forth. Then pick a few of the brightest engineers and tell them to come up with a low-risk airframe. It's very acceptable if it is 10-15 percent less capable than the F-22 when it comes to speed and altitude, supercruise at say Mach 1,4 instead of whatever the F-22 does as long as it is cheap to build, sturdy and reliable. A bit like how some car company's nowadays manages to build 10 different models on one platform.

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sewerrat
PostPosted: Jul 15, 2012 - 09:49 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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muir wrote:
With the risk of going way off-topic. Isn't the F/A-18 a two-engined derivative of the YF-17 of some sort?


Bingo! The F/A-18 is a twin engine derivative of the YF-17 (which was also a twin).
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sewerrat
PostPosted: Jul 15, 2012 - 09:58 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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madrat wrote:
The advantages of multiple engines is that you leave room to recover after failure.


Unfortunately that didn't help the Hornet that crashed into an apartment complex in California, nor did help the B-2 that went down in Guam. Even some -14s went scuba diving because of a single engine failure. Out-and-out engine failures are getting rare. I'd wager a dollar or two that if there is next gen fighter proof of concept flying in about 10 years it'll be a single engine machine with something on the order of 50,000lbs thrust and tipping the scales ~46,000lbs with fuel and 6-8 internal aams. Considering we buy planes by the pound, and our economic situation, a single engine machine seems to make sense, especially considering how much power we're getting out of powerplants these days.
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madrat
PostPosted: Jul 15, 2012 - 10:33 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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The big engines cost a fortune. You may be able to service them cheaper than multiple engines in the long run, but in the short term the lighter engines may have so much less unit cost that it wins out. Military engines that share cores common to commercial engines can compete very favorably. There is always more to the story than what we see on the surface.
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