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Document title: F-16.net - How many F-35A should USAF buy? :: F-16.net :: The Ultimate F-16 Reference
Original URL: http://www.f-16.net/f-16_forum_viewtopic-t-10115-start-45-sid-266979bd14a243bf2665f815d950637e.html
Printed on: 06 September 2008

Forum: F-35 Lightning II

How many F-35A should USAF buy?



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Viperalltheway
PostPosted: Mar 27, 2008 - 04:05 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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Although, perhaps some technical aspects you're overlooking in longer range AESA, is potential for an air-launched version of say, SM-6 and the ability to data-link target info to forward patrolling aircraft, flying in passive mode, which can launch the C7 giving a significant range multiplier effect. In this case, the better the (V), even in the F-15E models, the better the mini-AWACS intercept capability.


I checked and the SM-6 weights 3500lbs. The F-15 could perhaps carry 3 of them, but those missiles are probably very expensive and are not manoeuvrable enough to be used against fighters. Without considering the integration cost which would be significant.

The Meteor is impressive but not really adapted for the USAF. The F-22 couldn't carry it internally and the F-16 radar range is too short to guide it. Also the F-35 can have the first shot without so much range.

A better option imo would have been the FMRAAM. Had the USAF shown interest in it, the british would probably have embarked on the program. That would have reduced the R&D cost for both countries. It wouldn't even have been more expensive to develop than the AIM-120D for the USAF.

The FMRAAM could have been carried internally by the F-22. Another advantage I can think of it that it could have been carried externaly. The F-22 with external FMRAAMs would have been stealthy enough to have first look first shoot ability. Once the external FMRAAMs are launched, VLO RCS is restored and the F-22 can get closer and use its internal missiles.

The FMRAAM would also have been better adapted to the F-16 because of weight and range issues - talking about AESA equipped aircraft. Range would have been well enough for the F-35.

Concerning the 450 F-15s to replace, the F-22s are currently replacing the F-15s. So the F-35s would have to replace only like 350 F-15s.

Also, to partially compensate for the retirement of many F-16s the USAF could put CFTs on the F-16s that can carry them. From what I know about 250 USAF F-16s could be equipped with CFTs. The aircraft have enough thrust to accomodate the weight increase. That would double the payload and increase maximum range.

Even if performances are slightly worse, it's not so bad because the F-16 would have very good BVR capabilities ( with AESA/AIM-120D) and very good WVR capabilities with JHMCS/AIM-9X.

The CFTs are the greatest thing since sliced bread.
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Anaconda
PostPosted: Mar 27, 2008 - 04:16 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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SecDef says "No Problem - more F-22's, means less F-35's. You've got one pocket full of money - spend it how you wish."
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Corsair1963
PostPosted: Mar 27, 2008 - 04:18 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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Really, anyway you look at it the USAF is going to have a major shortfall and alot fewer fighters in the near future!
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Su27_pilot
PostPosted: Mar 27, 2008 - 04:27 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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F35 is a pretty plane,but that electronics and radar and stuff that is inside it,ishould be putted inside F15/F16/F18/ and it would be cheaper...i beleive that F35 has not better manuverbility than F15\16...only stealth is new...but against new russian air defence systems S300PMU2 and S400...stealth stops being stealth...
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Corsair1963
PostPosted: Mar 27, 2008 - 04:34 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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Su27_pilot wrote:
F35 is a pretty plane,but that electronics and radar and stuff that is inside it,ishould be putted inside F15/F16/F18/ and it would be cheaper...i beleive that F35 has not better manuverbility than F15\16...only stealth is new...but against new russian air defence systems S300PMU2 and S400...stealth stops being stealth...



The stealth of the F-35 combined with its Sensors. Will give it the ability to spot it opponents first, target them, and destroy them. As for your claims of the F-35 not being more agile than F-15's/F-16's and Russian SAMs like the S3000PMU2 as being better? I personally doubt you can back up that claim with any hard facts. Confused Shocked Confused Shocked
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LMAggie
PostPosted: Mar 27, 2008 - 09:54 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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Su27_pilot wrote:
F35 is a pretty plane,but that electronics and radar and stuff that is inside it,ishould be putted inside F15/F16/F18/ and it would be cheaper...i beleive that F35 has not better manuverbility than F15\16...only stealth is new...but against new russian air defence systems S300PMU2 and S400...stealth stops being stealth...


The chief test pilot has already stated that the first F-35's manueverability is on par or better than the F-16's he has flown. And he's talking about the heavy bird, not the lighter ones being delivered.

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Corsair1963
PostPosted: Mar 27, 2008 - 10:28 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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LMAggie wrote:
Su27_pilot wrote:
F35 is a pretty plane,but that electronics and radar and stuff that is inside it,ishould be putted inside F15/F16/F18/ and it would be cheaper...i beleive that F35 has not better manuverbility than F15\16...only stealth is new...but against new russian air defence systems S300PMU2 and S400...stealth stops being stealth...


The chief test pilot has already stated that the first F-35's manueverability is on par or better than the F-16's he has flown. And he's talking about the heavy bird, not the lighter ones being delivered.



As a matter of fact all three test pilots have been extremely flattering about the flight characteristics thus far! Also, as I have stated over and over again. Everybody wants to compare a clean Flanker (or other 4th Generation Type) to a clean F-35! Which, is not a fair comparison in the real world! Wink
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dwightlooi
PostPosted: Mar 28, 2008 - 02:13 AM Reply with quote Back to top
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Viperalltheway wrote:

I checked and the SM-6 weights 3500lbs. The F-15 could perhaps carry 3 of them, but those missiles are probably very expensive and are not manoeuvrable enough to be used against fighters. Without considering the integration cost which would be significant.

The Meteor is impressive but not really adapted for the USAF. The F-22 couldn't carry it internally and the F-16 radar range is too short to guide it. Also the F-35 can have the first shot without so much range.

A better option imo would have been the FMRAAM. Had the USAF shown interest in it, the british would probably have embarked on the program. That would have reduced the R&D cost for both countries. It wouldn't even have been more expensive to develop than the AIM-120D for the USAF.

The FMRAAM could have been carried internally by the F-22. Another advantage I can think of it that it could have been carried externaly. The F-22 with external FMRAAMs would have been stealthy enough to have first look first shoot ability. Once the external FMRAAMs are launched, VLO RCS is restored and the F-22 can get closer and use its internal missiles.

The FMRAAM would also have been better adapted to the F-16 because of weight and range issues - talking about AESA equipped aircraft. Range would have been well enough for the F-35.

Concerning the 450 F-15s to replace, the F-22s are currently replacing the F-15s. So the F-35s would have to replace only like 350 F-15s.

Also, to partially compensate for the retirement of many F-16s the USAF could put CFTs on the F-16s that can carry them. From what I know about 250 USAF F-16s could be equipped with CFTs. The aircraft have enough thrust to accomodate the weight increase. That would double the payload and increase maximum range.

Even if performances are slightly worse, it's not so bad because the F-16 would have very good BVR capabilities ( with AESA/AIM-120D) and very good WVR capabilities with JHMCS/AIM-9X.

The CFTs are the greatest thing since sliced bread.


(1) The SM-6 is more than maneuverable enough for ANY target in the skies and it's 370km zero-zero launch range equates to a 600~900 km range AAM. The problem is that a 3000+ lbs missile is not particularly practical as an AAM except perhaps as an AWACs killer.

(2) The FRAAM has the same packaging problem as the Meteor. In fact there is very little exterior differences between the FRAAM and the meteor. The FRAAM is an AMRAAM with a VFDR motor. The Meteor is a VFDR motor with an European front end. They are both 7" with two lower intakes, 3.66m long, 335~350 lbs and equipped with AMRAAM style interfaces. They are because the length and weight are in the original requirements so they are compatible with AMRAAM launchers and ejectors.

(4) The F-22 CAN carry as many Meteors as AIM-120As -- FOUR (4).

(5) The Meteor has been redesigned for the F-35. ALL production Meteors will fit the F-35 (they took away the fixed front fins and redesigned the rear steering fins), there will not be two versions. This was done because the F-35 export market pie is too huge for MBDA to ignore even if you discount the USAF/USN which will not use the Meteor.

(6) The Aerojet has a 7" VFDR ready for the AMRAAM, so giving the AMRAAM the kinematics of the Meteor is an option that has always been on the table. There just hasn't been much interests on the part of the USAF/USN.

(7) Currently, the US is planning on replacing the AMRAAM in the 2015~2020 time frame with a dual role missile -- AAM cum HARM in one missile. Enabling technologies are being matured through the JDRADM -- Joint Dual Role Air Dominance Missile -- program. These include sensor as fuse, multi-band sensors (Combined IIR & Active Radar), etc. Propulsion configuration has not been determined. New propulsions being matured include the advanced graphite-epoxy rocket motor, Dual Combustion Ramjet (DCR) and the good old VFDR.
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Corsair1963
PostPosted: Mar 28, 2008 - 02:49 AM Reply with quote Back to top
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The F-22 can carry 6-AMRAAM's in its central bay and another 2-Sidewinders in the side bays...............
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geogen
PostPosted: Mar 28, 2008 - 08:11 AM Reply with quote Back to top
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Thanks Dwight, Viperall, for the interesting responses.

1) I think an AAM SM-6 version concept is being underestimated in a modern fighter/CAP/intercept role. As I agree with Dwight, the >400 km AAM could surely out-maneuver almost anything in the air despite it's large launch mass. At the least, it could cause havoc, cause dumping of tanks/ heavy stores and disrupt opponent's intended operations.

2) The employment of such AAM, doesn't even need the launching aircraft's AESA's radar detection of the target first, before launching. But it would be a huge exploitation of any long range 200+ mile range AESA radar independently, or more so exploited in concert with AWACS and other future airborne intel data relay.

3) Regarding the 'expensive price of such a missile and integration' argument... I think this is a flaw in USAF doctrine. That is, if you can't afford the superior weapon systems to ensure future air superiority in new environments of technology, then you can't afford the expensive, fancy, launch platforms to which you entrust the role of future air superiority.

4) It will be the USAF/USN's loss to not supplement AMRAAMs with METEOR's superior range/speed, imo.

5) The CFT/F-16 upgrade idea sounds pretty rational and sound, as it would more fully exploit the strengths of the AESA/-C7/120D capability. However, this should be the type of upgrade made regardless of any related F-35 issues, imo, just to keep relative parity with competitors' modernizations.

6) Concerning F-22s replacing 100 F-15s and then F-35s replacing the remaining 350 F-15s... by the time 350 USAF F-35s become operational, it will be which year (not to mention how many F-16s being retired by this time)? Hence the point about the 'gap' threat. A potential 5-10 yr hole in tactical deterrence. Similar perhaps in comparison to the Space shuttle gap, between the retirement and the replacement. Question Question

Just for kicks, here's a conceptual sketch of a Bomber/refueler/cruise-missile 'SM-6/interceptor' configuration if interested..

http://img443.imageshack.us/img443/2711/super15fa4.jpg

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Viperalltheway
PostPosted: Mar 28, 2008 - 01:49 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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dwightlooi wrote:


(1) The SM-6 is more than maneuverable enough for ANY target in the skies and it's 370km zero-zero launch range equates to a 600~900 km range AAM. The problem is that a 3000+ lbs missile is not particularly practical as an AAM except perhaps as an AWACs killer.

(2) The FRAAM has the same packaging problem as the Meteor. In fact there is very little exterior differences between the FRAAM and the meteor. The FRAAM is an AMRAAM with a VFDR motor. The Meteor is a VFDR motor with an European front end. They are both 7" with two lower intakes, 3.66m long, 335~350 lbs and equipped with AMRAAM style interfaces. They are because the length and weight are in the original requirements so they are compatible with AMRAAM launchers and ejectors.

(4) The F-22 CAN carry as many Meteors as AIM-120As -- FOUR (4).

(5) The Meteor has been redesigned for the F-35. ALL production Meteors will fit the F-35 (they took away the fixed front fins and redesigned the rear steering fins), there will not be two versions. This was done because the F-35 export market pie is too huge for MBDA to ignore even if you discount the USAF/USN which will not use the Meteor.

(6) The Aerojet has a 7" VFDR ready for the AMRAAM, so giving the AMRAAM the kinematics of the Meteor is an option that has always been on the table. There just hasn't been much interests on the part of the USAF/USN.

(7) Currently, the US is planning on replacing the AMRAAM in the 2015~2020 time frame with a dual role missile -- AAM cum HARM in one missile. Enabling technologies are being matured through the JDRADM -- Joint Dual Role Air Dominance Missile -- program. These include sensor as fuse, multi-band sensors (Combined IIR & Active Radar), etc. Propulsion configuration has not been determined. New propulsions being matured include the advanced graphite-epoxy rocket motor, Dual Combustion Ramjet (DCR) and the good old VFDR.


The meteor is heavier than the AMRAAM ( 184kg vs 160kg ). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MBDA_Meteor

The FMRAAM could probably have been designed so that 6 can be carried inside the F-22.

It could probably have been carried on the wingtip of the F-16 also. The weight difference is not very big compared to an AMRAAM and the F-16 sometimes carried 4 wingtip AMRAAMs. 2 FMRAAMs plus 2 AIM-9X would not have been heavier. The F-16 would have needed an AESA radar to make use of the range however.

So I don't understand that the USAF has not been interested more. Perhaps because it would have been a threat to the F-22.
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Viperalltheway
PostPosted: Mar 28, 2008 - 04:27 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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1) I think an AAM SM-6 version concept is being underestimated in a modern fighter/CAP/intercept role. As I agree with Dwight, the >400 km AAM could surely out-maneuver almost anything in the air despite it's large launch mass. At the least, it could cause havoc, cause dumping of tanks/ heavy stores and disrupt opponent's intended operations.

2) The employment of such AAM, doesn't even need the launching aircraft's AESA's radar detection of the target first, before launching. But it would be a huge exploitation of any long range 200+ mile range AESA radar independently, or more so exploited in concert with AWACS and other future airborne intel data relay.



I checked and the SM-6 is expected to cost 2 million. Personaly I'd rather have the FMRAAM, it would probably be much cheaper and more effective against fighters.

Launched by an F-22 from high speed, high altitude and with the effect of surprise, an FMRAAM could have a range of around 200km. It would be as effective to deal with awacs, tankers and transports as an F-15 with SM-6s.

Also more missiles could be carried. They could be mass produced which would lower the cost. The SM-6 could not really be mass produced because few aircraft could be armed with it and could be carried. Also it wouldn't be very effective against fighters so not really cost effective against that kind of target. And another BVR missile would be needed anyways.

With the FMRAAM, all the fighters in service would be very dangerous. The F-22s could guide the missiles for the other aircraft too.

Quote:

5) The CFT/F-16 upgrade idea sounds pretty rational and sound, as it would more fully exploit the strengths of the AESA/-C7/120D capability. However, this should be the type of upgrade made regardless of any related F-35 issues, imo, just to keep relative parity with competitors' modernizations.


The 250 or so block 50s - those that can carry the CFTs - are more recent than the block 25 and 30, so they can probably generate more sorties. So not only you double the load but you can generate more sorties!

Let's say the block 50s can generate 20% more sorties, time twice the load, that's 2.4 times the ordnance of a block 25/30. All in all 250 CFT equipped F-16s would be the equivalent of like 600 F-16s block 25/30s, so that would compensate for the loss of 600-250 = 350 F-16s.

Also I believe that the stations 4 and 6 can carry more than the stations 3 and 7. So in certain configuration more than the double could be carried.

Also, let's not foget that new munitions and racks will increase the F-16 lethality:
- 4 SDBs per station
- the ability to use the TER to carry 3 500lbs JDAMs. If CFTs are carried, on station 4 and 6 it might even be possible to carry 2 TER on each. That would bring the total to 18 500 lbs JDAMs ( 3 on station 3, 3 on station 7, 6 on station 4 and 6 on station 6) ! The 500lbs JDAMs is a great weapon because it's much cheaper than the SDB, it can be guided by laser and also it will soon be modified to engage moving targets.. And an AESA radar would give them even more precise targeting information. That would give the F-16 huge strike capabilities!

For a/a, an AESA equipped F-16 with FMRAAMs would be at least twice as effective as a block 25/30. With the AESA or MIDS datalink, the F-16 block 40/50s could attack targets from 150+km. The block 25 and 30 don't have the MIDS and have a short range radar so can't use anything better than an AIM-120C.

Also a block 40/50 with AESA/FMRAAM and CFTs could carry up to 8 AAMs, like 6 FMRAAMs and 2 AIM-9Xs. It's roughly the equivalent of the double of what F-16s block 25/30s usually carries. Even if the aircraft is heavier it doesn't matter much because it would be for the biggest part a BVR platform.

All this to say that the upgrade of AESA and FMRAAM could compensate for the a/a capabilities of the old F-16s.

Quote:

6) Concerning F-22s replacing 100 F-15s and then F-35s replacing the remaining 350 F-15s... by the time 350 USAF F-35s become operational, it will be which year (not to mention how many F-16s being retired by this time)? Hence the point about the 'gap' threat. A potential 5-10 yr hole in tactical deterrence. Similar perhaps in comparison to the Space shuttle gap, between the retirement and the replacement.


In fact, I wonder if the best solution would not be to reduce the number of F-22s. Producing 20 F-22s less would save like 3.6 billion ( around 180 million each with the parts etc.. ). That would save enough money to upgrade the other aircraft ( especially the F-16 CCIPs), and buy more AIM-120Ds or FMRAAMs.

For instance an AESA for the F-16 would cost around 3-4 million if it's produced in mass. An FMRAAM would cost around 1 million if it's produced in mass. The CFTs for 250 block 50s would probably not cost much.

If you buy say 2 FMRAAMs per F-16, that sums up to 5-6 million. For 650 CCIPs that would cost around 3.6 billion.

For the price of 20 F-22s, 650 F-16s could be upgraded!!! And that doesn't take into account the missiles that you would have to buy for the F-22s.

Having 180 or 160 F-22s is unlikely to make much difference compared to an overall force of 2000 fighters, but upgrading 650 fighters and arming the others with better missiles would make a BIG difference..

Upgrading the F-16 CCIPs as much as possible and also buying more AIM-120Ds/FMRAAMs for the other aircraft would increase the global lethality of the force enough that the loss of airframes would be at least partially compensated.


Last edited by Viperalltheway on Mar 28, 2008 - 08:43 PM; edited 3 times in total
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dwightlooi
PostPosted: Mar 28, 2008 - 04:47 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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Let's put it this way... think of the Meteor (or the FMRAAM if it was developed) as an AMRAAM with an approximately 2.5x better sustainer. That is basically the performance difference. That applies only to the sustainer though, which is ~ 1/3 of the Meteor's Motor Volume. With that comes the ram drag of the intake system, a slightly less efficient booster stage due to the inability to incorporate a proper nozzle and a little bit of wasted space occupied by the interstage valving assembly -- all of which are not present in a pure rocket.

In essence, the same performance as a VFDR (Variable Flow Ducted Rocket; aka Solid Fuel Ramjet) can be achieved if one simply doubles the the sustainer volume. This will require that the motor be about 33% longer with the overall dimensions of the missile unchanged. The question really is whether increasing the propellant fraction to this degree is harder or whether implementing a VFDR is harder.


The important thing to understand is that while VFDRs have about 2.5 times the IpSec of a Solid Rocket, only about 1/3 of a VFDR missile's fuel is actually burned in VFDR mode. About 2/3 of it is expended traditionally with the motor functioning as a pure rocket to get the missile to VFDR operating speeds (~Mach 2.5).
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Viperalltheway
PostPosted: Mar 28, 2008 - 06:44 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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What if the aircraft is already flying at M2.5? Would the entire fuel be used in VFDR mode and would the range be increased? - like maybe an F-22 on AB.
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Viperalltheway
PostPosted: Mar 28, 2008 - 09:37 PM Reply with quote Back to top
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To continue on what I was saying:
- the F-22 has good strike capabilities. It can carry 8 SDBs. From what I read the F-16 block 25 are used mainly for a/a. They will not be equipped with SDBs. They can't even carry JDAMs.
- the F-22 could carry a/g weapons on external stations. Up to 24 total SDBs could be carried when stealth is not required.
- The F-22 is much more lethal than the F-15C. 160-180 F-22 are the equivalent of at least the double of F-15, that is about 350 F-15s.
- the F-15Cs could be armed with FMRAAMs even without APG-63 V(3). The APG-63 V(1) is still a good radar with a good range, and the FMRAAMs could recieve their targeting information from F-22s through the FDL. Arming the F-15s as they are with FMRAAMs would already make them significantly more lethal - and survivable.
- the B-2s can carry 80 JDAMs.
- the B-1s and B-2s will soon be able to carry about 200 SDBs. That's the same number of PGMs as 50 F-16s ( 4 PGMs per F-16 ).

I didn't work today so I had time to think about things that are very useful.. ahahah


Last edited by Viperalltheway on Mar 28, 2008 - 10:00 PM; edited 1 time in total
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